利用Python制作贪吃蛇及AI版贪吃蛇的案例分析-创新互联

这篇文章主要介绍利用Python制作贪吃蛇及AI版贪吃蛇的案例分析，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！

用python制作普通贪吃蛇

哈喽，大家不知道是上午好还是中午好还是下午好还是晚上好！

贪吃蛇，应该是90后小时候的记忆（连我这个00后也不例外），今天，我们就用python这款编程语言来实现贪吃蛇

系统：所有都可以

需导入模块：

• random
• pygame
• pygame.locals
• sys
   

下载以上模块指令：

random和sys是Python自带的，我们只需要下载pygame即可

下载pygame：

在开始菜单输入“cmd”回车打开，输入``指令：pip install pygame

苹果电脑需要改成：pip3 install pygame

下载好后，打开python的shell界面，输入import pygame，回车，如果没报错，及代表安装完成。

接下来什么都不说，直接奉上代码（恕我没写注释）：

import random
import pygame
import sys
from pygame.locals import *
 
Snakespeed = 17
Window_Width = 800
Window_Height = 500
Cell_Size = 20 # Width and height of the cells
# Ensuring that the cells fit perfectly in the window. eg if cell size was
# 10 and window width or windowheight were 15 only 1.5 cells would
# fit.
assert Window_Width % Cell_Size == 0, "Window width must be a multiple of cell size."
# Ensuring that only whole integer number of cells fit perfectly in the window.
assert Window_Height % Cell_Size == 0, "Window height must be a multiple of cell size."
Cell_W = int(Window_Width / Cell_Size) # Cell Width
Cell_H = int(Window_Height / Cell_Size) # Cellc Height
 
 
White = (255, 255, 255)
Black = (0, 0, 0)
Red = (255, 0, 0) # Defining element colors for the program.
Green = (0, 255, 0)
DARKGreen = (0, 155, 0)
DARKGRAY = (40, 40, 40)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
Red_DARK = (150, 0, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
BLUE_DARK = (0, 0, 150)
 
 
BGCOLOR = Black # Background color
 
 
UP = 'up'
DOWN = 'down' # Defining keyboard keys.
LEFT = 'left'
RIGHT = 'right'
 
HEAD = 0 # Syntactic sugar: index of the snake's head
 
 
def main():
 global SnakespeedCLOCK, DISPLAYSURF, BASICFONT
 
 pygame.init()
 SnakespeedCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
 DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((Window_Width, Window_Height))
 BASICFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 18)
 pygame.display.set_caption('Snake')
 
 showStartScreen()
 while True:
 runGame()
 showGameOverScreen()
 
 
def runGame():
 # Set a random start point.
 startx = random.randint(5, Cell_W - 6)
 starty = random.randint(5, Cell_H - 6)
 wormCoords = [{'x': startx, 'y': starty},
   {'x': startx - 1, 'y': starty},
   {'x': startx - 2, 'y': starty}]
 direction = RIGHT
 
 # Start the apple in a random place.
 apple = getRandomLocation()
 
 while True: # main game loop
 for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loop
  if event.type == QUIT:
  terminate()
  elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
  if (event.key == K_LEFT) and direction != RIGHT:
   direction = LEFT
  elif (event.key == K_RIGHT) and direction != LEFT:
   direction = RIGHT
  elif (event.key == K_UP) and direction != DOWN:
   direction = UP
  elif (event.key == K_DOWN) and direction != UP:
   direction = DOWN
  elif event.key == K_ESCAPE:
   terminate()
 
 # check if the Snake has hit itself or the edge
 if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == Cell_W or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == -1 or wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == Cell_H:
  return # game over
 for wormBody in wormCoords[1:]:
  if wormBody['x'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] and wormBody['y'] == wormCoords[HEAD]['y']:
  return # game over
 
 # check if Snake has eaten an apply
 if wormCoords[HEAD]['x'] == apple['x'] and wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] == apple['y']:
  # don't remove worm's tail segment
  apple = getRandomLocation() # set a new apple somewhere
 else:
  del wormCoords[-1] # remove worm's tail segment
 
 # move the worm by adding a segment in the direction it is moving
 if direction == UP:
  newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'],
   'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] - 1}
 elif direction == DOWN:
  newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD]['x'],
   'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y'] + 1}
 elif direction == LEFT:
  newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD][
  'x'] - 1, 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
 elif direction == RIGHT:
  newHead = {'x': wormCoords[HEAD][
  'x'] + 1, 'y': wormCoords[HEAD]['y']}
 wormCoords.insert(0, newHead)
 DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
 drawGrid()
 drawWorm(wormCoords)
 drawApple(apple)
 drawScore(len(wormCoords) - 3)
 pygame.display.update()
 SnakespeedCLOCK.tick(Snakespeed)
 
 
def drawPressKeyMsg():
 pressKeySurf = BASICFONT.render('Press a key to play.', True, White)
 pressKeyRect = pressKeySurf.get_rect()
 pressKeyRect.topleft = (Window_Width - 200, Window_Height - 30)
 DISPLAYSURF.blit(pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect)
 
 
def checkForKeyPress():
 if len(pygame.event.get(QUIT)) > 0:
 terminate()
 keyUpEvents = pygame.event.get(KEYUP)
 if len(keyUpEvents) == 0:
 return None
 if keyUpEvents[0].key == K_ESCAPE:
 terminate()
 return keyUpEvents[0].key
 
 
def showStartScreen():
 titleFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
 titleSurf1 = titleFont.render('Snake!', True, White, DARKGreen)
 degrees1 = 0
 degrees2 = 0
 while True:
 DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
 rotatedSurf1 = pygame.transform.rotate(titleSurf1, degrees1)
 rotatedRect1 = rotatedSurf1.get_rect()
 rotatedRect1.center = (Window_Width / 2, Window_Height / 2)
 DISPLAYSURF.blit(rotatedSurf1, rotatedRect1)
 
 drawPressKeyMsg()
 
 if checkForKeyPress():
  pygame.event.get() # clear event queue
  return
 pygame.display.update()
 SnakespeedCLOCK.tick(Snakespeed)
 degrees1 += 3 # rotate by 3 degrees each frame
 degrees2 += 7 # rotate by 7 degrees each frame
 
 
def terminate():
 pygame.quit()
 sys.exit()
 
 
def getRandomLocation():
 return {'x': random.randint(0, Cell_W - 1), 'y': random.randint(0, Cell_H - 1)}
 
 
def showGameOverScreen():
 gameOverFont = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
 gameSurf = gameOverFont.render('Game', True, White)
 overSurf = gameOverFont.render('Over', True, White)
 gameRect = gameSurf.get_rect()
 overRect = overSurf.get_rect()
 gameRect.midtop = (Window_Width / 2, 10)
 overRect.midtop = (Window_Width / 2, gameRect.height + 10 + 25)
 
 DISPLAYSURF.blit(gameSurf, gameRect)
 DISPLAYSURF.blit(overSurf, overRect)
 drawPressKeyMsg()
 pygame.display.update()
 pygame.time.wait(500)
 checkForKeyPress() # clear out any key presses in the event queue
 
 while True:
 if checkForKeyPress():
  pygame.event.get() # clear event queue
  return
 
 
def drawScore(score):
 scoreSurf = BASICFONT.render('Score: %s' % (score), True, White)
 scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()
 scoreRect.topleft = (Window_Width - 120, 10)
 DISPLAYSURF.blit(scoreSurf, scoreRect)
 
 
def drawWorm(wormCoords):
 for coord in wormCoords:
 x = coord['x'] * Cell_Size
 y = coord['y'] * Cell_Size
 wormSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, Cell_Size, Cell_Size)
 pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGreen, wormSegmentRect)
 wormInnerSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(
  x + 4, y + 4, Cell_Size - 8, Cell_Size - 8)
 pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, Green, wormInnerSegmentRect)
 
 
def drawApple(coord):
 x = coord['x'] * Cell_Size
 y = coord['y'] * Cell_Size
 appleRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, Cell_Size, Cell_Size)
 pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, Red, appleRect)
 
 
def drawGrid():
 for x in range(0, Window_Width, Cell_Size): # draw vertical lines
 pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (x, 0), (x, Window_Height))
 for y in range(0, Window_Height, Cell_Size): # draw horizontal lines
 pygame.draw.line(DISPLAYSURF, DARKGRAY, (0, y), (Window_Width, y))
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
 try:
 main()
 except SystemExit:
 pass